• The enzyme Arginase ARG plays a role in the

  2023-02-20

  

  The enzyme Arginase 1 (ARG1) plays a role in the hepatic urea cycle by hydrolyzing L-arginine to L-ornithine and urea [13]. In the context of macrophages and MDSCs, ARG1 expression redirects L-arginine metabolism to abolish cytotoxic nitric oxide production [14], suppress T-cell function [15], [16],

• AP activity is increased by MAP kinase stimulation

  2023-02-20

  

  AP-1 activity is increased by MAP kinase stimulation in different cell types (Whitmarsh and Davis, 1996), while MKP-1, the enzyme that catalyzes the dephosphorylation and inactivation of MAP kinases in the nucleus, inhibits AP-1 (Rössler et al., 2008, Rössler and Thiel, 2009, Mayer et al., 2011, Thi

• Sorafenib was the first small RTK

  2023-02-20

  

  Sorafenib was the first small RTK inhibitor drug to be developed and was initially approved against renal cell carcinoma, then against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and more recently for differentiated thyroid treatment [111]. Sunitinib soon followed, being approved for gastrointestinal stromal tum

• Infections inflammation and corneal transplant can all cause

  2023-02-20

  

  Infections, inflammation, and corneal transplant can all cause corneal neovascularization via upregulation of inflammatory cytokines, which attract myeloid AZD-4547 into the cornea. These myeloid cells establish a cycle of cytokine secretion and further myeloid cell recruitment in the cornea. There

• calcein am Introduction It has long been recognized that ang

  2023-02-20

  

  Introduction It has long been recognized that angiogenesis is critical to the growth, progression, and metastasis of many solid tumor types [1], and thus, drugs targeting the angiogenic pathway have been a topic of clinical investigation in the oncology community for many years. Angiogenesis is reg

• Androgen receptor translocates from the cytoplasm to the

  2023-02-20

  

  Androgen receptor translocates from the cytoplasm to the nucleus after binding to its ligands (Quigley et al., 1995). In the current study, although propofol did not significantly affect total androgen receptor protein levels, it significantly decreased nuclear androgen receptor levels. These findin

• Several mechanisms of Cd induced carcinogenicity have been

  2023-02-20

  

  Several mechanisms of Cd-induced carcinogenicity have been reported and are comprehensively summarized by Hartwig [32]. As early as 1980, basic science studies supported a role for endocrine disruption of AR by Cd. Donovan et al. [33], using extracts of mouse prostate cytosol, showed Cd to be the mo

• Structural and functional imaging studies searching for spec

  2023-02-20

  

  Structural and functional imaging studies searching for specific cortical areas related to each cognitive function domain have provided clues to the spreading patterns of cognitive dysfunction (Domoto-Reilly et al., 2012, Firbank et al., 2016, Li et al., 2012, Machulda et al., 2003, Mandal et al., 2

• PF is orally bioavailable and has

  2023-02-20

  

  PF-06409577 is orally bioavailable and has appropriate pharmacokinetic properties for use in rodents, allowing us to evaluate its impact on lipid and cholesterol biosynthesis in vivo (Cameron et al., 2016). PF-06409577 lowered the incorporation of 14C-acetate into hepatic lipids in vivo in a dose de

• br Materials and methods br Results

  2023-02-20

  

  Materials and methods Results Table 1 presents the metabolic phenotype of obese minipigs. After 60 d of HFHS feeding, minipigs not only showed an increased body weight (+45%), but also a perturbed LP533401 hcl synthesis homeostasis, with higher insulin levels (about +2-fold), HOMA-IR (+5.5-fo

• It is worth mentioning that cordycepin as an

  2023-02-17

  

  It is worth mentioning that cordycepin, as an adenosine analogue, is structurally similar to adenosine. A previous study has shown that the anti-apoptotic effects of cordycepin are partially dependent on the activation of A1R [16], and cordycepin increases theta waves power density via nonspecific a

• Among all the polysaccharide derivatives cationic

  2023-02-13

  

  Among all the polysaccharide derivatives, cationic carbohydrate polymers such as quaternary ammonium salts and quaternary phosphonium salts have been the most popular and most efficient target PD123319 in medical applications [24] and water treatment [25]. Recently, quaternary phosphonium salts wer

• Tumor tissues often experience hypoxia owing

  2023-02-13

  

  Tumor tissues often experience hypoxia owing to accelerated growth rates of malignant cells, accumulation of metabolic products, disorganization of tumor blood vessels, and high interstitial fluid pressures (Makino et al., 2001). In response to AAD treatment, tumor vascular density often decreases t

• br Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma HCC

  2023-02-13

  

  Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third-leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide and accounts for 70–85% of all liver cancer diagnoses [1]. In East and South-East Asia, the occurrence of HCC and the related number of fatalities have gradually increased in recent decades [2

• Lorlatinib is an orally active brain penetrant cyclic aminop

  2023-02-13

  

  Lorlatinib is an orally active brain penetrant cyclic 2-aminopyridine derivative that is a type I½ B ALK inhibitor (Fig. 5F) [61]. This medicinal is an effective antagonist against the more common L1196M and G1269A crizotinib-resistant mutations as well as the less common T1151Ins, L1152R, C1156Y, F

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